The shelves in Japanese supermarkets that normally hold butter are turning up bare these days. There is currently a shortage of milk in Japan, which has resulted in dearth of butter (since butter obviously comes from milk). Prices of imported butter are also rising, which means that the butter that does arrive in the country is very expensive.

There are a variety of factors that are playing a part in the butter scarcity in Japan. As shifts in global eating patterns occur, the demand for butter increases, so exports that used to arrive in Japan are now landing in Russia, China and India. Also, milk has gotten a bad rap in Japan over the past few years, leading to declining consumption and the slaughter of dairy herds.

To read more about the butter shortage, go here and here.

[via Boing Boing]

I first encountered kuro mitsu in San Francisco not long ago, at a creperie in the Japantown mall. I ordered a crepe with green tea ice cream, red bean paste, strawberries, whipped cream (sounds totally overkill but is truly amazing), which came drizzled in a mahogany-colored syrup that tasted like a light molassas, with a hint of malt. The mystery syrup really brought the crepe together, somehow cutting through the sweetness with its odd, bright bite.

Later, through research, I discovered that this was kuro mitsu (literally, "black honey"), a Japanese brown sugar syrup not at all dissimilar to molassas. Made from unrefined Okinawan brown sugar, it is a central ingredient in many sweet Japanese dishes.

A Taste of Zen provides a recipe for making your own kuro mitsu. Drizzle it over pancakes, fresh fruit or ice cream, add it to tea or stir a spoonful into plain yogurt.

Eating cheap in Manhattan by buying food exclusively from 99-cent stores. Doable? Yes. Advisable? Perhaps not.

The New York Times then brings chef Eric Ripert of Le Bernardin in on the skinflint action, challenging him to cook a meal entirely of products from Jack's 99-Cent Store. See what he does with a 99-cent frozen salmon fillet .

Wine critic Eric Asimov asks whether it's possible to teach teenagers the pleasures of moderate drinking with a little wine at the table. It works for the Europeans, right? Or does it?

A kreplach face-off in Brooklyn. Oy gevalt!

The Minimalist suggests we try a stir-fry with fermented black beans.

Then, he takes us on a photo tour of the Campo de' Fiori market in Rome. Serious vegetable porn.

In Tokyo, Japanese takes on Western food continue to grow in popularity. They seem to involve a lot of ketchup.

Starbucks buys $11,000 coffee machines in ongoing efforts to revitalize their image.

There is something about Japanese soft drinks, food, and candy treats that fascinates us here at Slashfood, and their chocolate bars are definitely no exception. Could you imagine biting into a Kit Kat stick, but rather than the regular chocolate and wafer flavor, you taste apple? If that isn't strange enough, how about Cherry Blossom or Melon?

The Japanese have certainly cornered the market on different varieties of the Kit Kat bar, with flavors ranging from Green Tea to Red Azuki Bean, to the premium "Exotic Tokyo" - a Japanese limited edition made with milk chocolate, passion fruit, raspberry, strawberry, cherry, blackcurrant and pepper. They even have an adult, Wine-flavored version, just in case the others are a little too tame for you.

In fact, as the folks over at InventorSpot have pointed out, Wikipedia now lists over 80 different varieties of the chocolate bar that have been in production at one point or another. Needless to say, I was a little disappointed this morning when I checked in at my local store and only found two different kinds available, but as we've said before, for some reason the flavored varieties just don't seem to do well over here or in the UK.

(thanks, Michelle!)

Peter Menzel, author and photographer of the book Hungry Planet, has a fascinating photo essay on Time.com featuring "What the World Eats" - a look at the types of food families around the world consume, the amount a typical family will spend on groceries each week, plus their favorite foods or recipes.

The difference between countries, of course, is staggering. For instance, one featured American family spends an average of $341.98 on food each week, whereas the family from Chad spends approximately $1.23. The Japanese family lists sashimi and potato chips among their favorite foods, while the Egyptians say Okra with Mutton is one of their typical family recipes.

You can view the entire slide show at Time.com, and if you are interested in reading more, Menzel's book covers 30 families over 24 countries and 600 meals.

(thanks, angorian!)

Milk consumption in Japan is steadily declining and there seems to be no drop in production, which means that there is a lot of extra milk that needs to be disposed of every year. A liquor shop owner in Hokkaido, Chitoshi Nakahara, began to wonder what could be done about the oversupply of milk when he was struck the idea of combining milk and beer. He dubbed his new product "bilk."

Bilk is 30% milk and took six months to develop with the help of a local brewer. The production process is much like that of regular beer and the resulting brew "apart from a slight milky scent looks and tastes like ordinary beer." It is currently being produced in limited quantities and is available via mail order, but Nakahara says that he has gotten so much media attention that he is totally out of stock for the moment. Despite this, bilk's success won't be assured until the novelty wears off and Nakahara can find out whether people will continue to buy the product.

In the US, Valentine's Day celebrations are generally geared towards couples, with a slight bias towards women when it comes to the marketing of chocolates, flowers and other gifts - a bias that is meant to have women encourage men to buy gifts for them. In Japan, things are a little different. The chocolates and other Valentine's Day items are marketed towards women, but they're marketed for them to buy and give to men, rather than the other way around. Barentain Dei calls for gifts to be given to boyfriends and husbands, as well as for giri-choco, or obligation chocolates, to be given to male bosses, coworkers, classmates and friends. About 80% of Japanese women participate in the tradition, spending an average of $20 on their most chocolate important purchase and $6 on each of their other chocolate gifts, averaging $56 per woman for a total of over $400 million countrywide on the holiday. This doesn't include additional gifts or fancy dinners.

If this all seems a bit unfair, as it is more one-sided than the US version of Valentine's, not to worry. On March 14th, the Japanese celebrate "White Day" as in reciprocation for Valentine's Day, where men buy gifts, from chocolates to expensive jewelry, as a sign of affection

Remember when stuffed crust pizza seemed like a relatively new idea? The idea of stuffing a pizza crust, instead of relegating all the toppings to the surface of the pizza, seemed to stem from the fact that the doughy crusts on many quick service pizzas weren't that good and really needed something special to make them worth eating. Cheese and sauce were the answers and in a relatively short time, the formerly doughy crusts were doughy and greasy - enabling you to consumer twice as much cheese per slice.

In Japan, Pizza Hut has taken the stuffed crust idea to the next level by including whole sausage links inside the crust, along with a layer of cheese. The crust is pulled up and tucked around the sausage, giving the impression that you have a hot dog attached to the end of your pizza.

The whole concept seems to be rather over the top, but that being said, it also seems like this sort of pizza would be a big hit at sports stadiums or anywhere else that beer, pizza and hot dogs already coexist.

[via supersized meals]

Have you ever seen someone using a fork, knife or another eating utensil in a way that seems incredibly awkward? Because the ability to use a knife and fork is a mark of a well-socialized individual and is a skill that is typically picked up from observing others, it is hard not to wonder they picked up such unusual habits. In Japan, some schools are wondering the same thing and want to make sure that such sloppy, untraditional habits of chopstick use are stopped before they spread any further. The Hisatagakuen Sasebo Girls' High School will be testing students on their skill with chopsticks as part of their entrance examinations. The 10-minute test will require that students "transfer beads, marbles, dice and beans from one plate to another."

Administrators say that the purpose of this test is to show respect for "the Japanese spirit" but, in light of the decline of chopstick use among Japanese children, it also seems like a rather unusual way to make sure everyone has good table manners.

OXO is well-known in the US for their sleek designs and both the functionality and reliability of their products, but when they decided to go global with their much-loved kitchen products, the company discovered that what one market is looking for, isn't exactly right for another. And that people don't look at kitchen gadgets the same way in Japan as they do in the US.

In Japan, the tools were less-than-popular, to put it mildly. The large and user-friendly sizes of the tools, which are widely considered to be easier than their smaller counterparts with the company's target demographic - baby boomers - in the US, were too unwieldy for Japanese women who held their cooking spatulas "like a pen." A few design tweaks (and the opening of a Tokyo office) later, the company had Japan-only spatulas and a salad spinner that was 35% smaller than the original, which appealed to space-conscious consumers. They have commissioned Japanese designers to come up with new Japanese-friendly designs from graters, storage boxes and kettles to appeal directly to the Japanese aesthetic and functionality. For example, the graters specifically work best with daikons, rather than cheeses, which are used with most US graters.

The company hopes to introduce some of their Japanese designs here in the US next year.

In spite of a 2,000-year-old tradition, sake is declining in popularity in Japan. Consumers there are opting for wine, beer and cocktails -- Western drinks -- at home, at bars and at restaurants, causing a 10 percent drop in sake's alcohol market share in the last year alone and an almost 50 percent drop in total sales in the last decade. The home sales are particularly flagging, something attributed to the increasing popularity of Western cuisines and the desire of cooks to match them with appropriate drinks. This trend works in reverse in countries where Japanese cuisine is still seen as hip and trendy, like in the US.

To renew interest, brewers are turning more and more toward premium sakes and cutting-edge ad campaigns, not unlike the ones commonly seen for beer or luxury spirits, to attract younger drinkers to their products. They don't want the trendsetters of the nation to see sake as "what grandma and grandpa drink" or as "what your boss forces you to drink in a smoky pub in a sticky glass." In pursuit of hipness, they are also touting the drink as being low in calories and a good stress reliever.

Drinking tea won't really allow you to live forever, but that is certainly the first thought that popped into my head after reading the headline "Drinking tea linked to reduced risk of death." The article that accompanied the headline was about a recent Japanese study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association investigating the health benefits of drinking green tea. As other studies have shown numerous benefits, it was only natural to aim big and see exactly how beneficial the tea was, rather than continuing to only look at each possible factor individually. The study concluded that "those who drank five cups of green tea per day were 16 percent less likely to die from any cause during the 11-year study than those who drank less than one cup per day."

Does this mean that your life expectancy will increase if you drink more green tea? Not exactly, but it does mean that you can potentially decrease various risk factors that could contribute to health problems. In short, green tea isn't going to add any extra years to your life, but it could help to prevent those years from being cut short unnecessarily.

In Naples, the annual Pizzafest was just concluded and the title of the world's best pizzaiolo (pizza-maker) was bestowed upon Makoto Onishi, a veritable pizza prodigy from Japan who bested 24 other pizza-makers, many of whom are Naples natives. This is the second time he has won the title; the first was back in 2003. The judges declared that his pie was the "perfect incarnation of 'real Neapolitan pizza.'"

Onishi came to Naples from Japan in 2002, looking for a job in a pizza restaurant and claimed his first title after only a year working in the Ischia pizzeria. After the victory, he was hired by a popular Tokyo pizzeria and enjoyed some media attention from his surprising win.

The secret of the perfect Neapolitan pizza, according to the judges of the Naples Pizzafest, is using traditional, local ingredients. Onishi adds that a "chef must be free of stress" to produce the perfect pizza.

As much as we see and hear about its properties as "natural refrigerant, anticancer agent, and cholesterol combatant," many Westerners are at a bit of loss when it comes to including more of it in our diets. Sure, we may add soy milk to our chai lattes or pop some edamame at a Japanese restaurant. We may experiment with grilled tofu, but in the end, there is often the complaint that tofu is just so bland. Ah, but that is the beauty of tofu - because it's so bland, it's the perfect canvas for other flavors, much like a slice of bread or filet of very mild fish. At the same time, many people simply enjoy the faint tofu flavor. Tofu is versatile, and according to an article over at the Japan Times, there's a lot more that can be done with soy, particularly because it comes in so many forms, only one of which if tofu:

• Tofu somen are delicate, thin strands of tofu that could easily be mistaken for regular wheat noodles
• Abura-age and atsu-age are deep-fried tofu, which can be added to miso soup
• Momen dofu is firm, which is good for stir-fries or prepared as tofu steak
• Zarudofu and yosedofu are very soft versions. Both are somewhat sweet so simply serve with top-quality olive oil and sea salt, or a garnish of grated ginger, mustard, or soy sauce.
• Yukiko Hayashi, author of the cookbook Tofu Zanmai, also recommends cooking/baking with soy milk.

The first thing that you notice about this book is its very colorful cover, which is fitting because sushi is, by and large, beautiful and colorful food. Sushi does not always involve raw fish, though that is often what the name evokes to many diners, and Vegetarian Sushi illustrates this fact very well. The book starts with an introduction to sushi ingredients and techniques, then continues on into the recipes. There are plenty of rolls and even a pair of recipes that use brown rice, for those who are looking for alternatives to white. Large glossy photographs are sure to tempt the palate and also give you something to aim for as you improve your technique. For die-hard carnivores, there is nothing that says you cannot pair any of these options with nigiri, and certainly some of the techniques can also be used to prepare sushi with fish.

It should be noted that this book uses eggs, fish-based stocks and other animal-based ingredients, such as bonito flakes, in many of the recipes. You can substitute according to your own dietary restrictions, but it might not be the most appropriate for strict vegan.