Gumbo is a very thick soup, almost a stew, that can be attributed to the Creole kitchen (it has
also been called "Cajun" but I'll let them experts fight that one out).
Gumbo likely began when French settlers in Louisiana made their native bouillabaisse, substituting ingredients that were available to them locally. As settlers from different countries arrived in Louisiana and added their influences, bouillabaisse gradually evolved into gumbo. The name "gumbo" is derived from the African word "quingombo," which refers to okra, one of the primary ingredients in a proper gumbo.
The base for gumbo is a dark roux made from a 1:1 ratio of flour and oil. The roux acts as a thickener. Okra is also added, and is what thickens the gumbo. However, when okra is not in season, cooks use only the dark roux. File powder or gumbo file, made from sassafras, was used at one time as a thickener as well, but is not as common today. If there is okra in the gumbo, however, it is absolute sacrilege to add file powder.
Once the roux has darkened, cooks add the Holy Trinity (chopped bell pepper, celery, and onion) and stock made from whatever ingredients will be in the final gumbo - chicken, sausage, or shellfish. The meats are added and the gumbo is simmered on the stove top until the meats are cooked through.
Though gumbo is sometimes considered a thick soup, some gumbo purists argue that it must be ladled over plain white rice.
I had my fill of gumbo at restaurants over the weekend, so I'll leave the home-cooking up to you:
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Gumbo z'Herbes (Gumbo made from all green vegetables)
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Gumbo File with Crab from Gourmet
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New Orleans Chef Leah Chase's Creole Gumbo
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Gumbo Ya Ya from Emeril Lagasse
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